The Soviet manned space program is discussed. The main stages of development of Soviet cosmonautics are considered, as well as the program for the manned spacecraft Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz, and the orbital research station Salyut. The construction and equipment of the spacecraft, and their use on the earth and in flight are described. A description is given of the first orbital space station o the Soyuz spacecraft, as well as its operation and the experiments performed when the crew changed from one spacecraft to another in open space. The development of methods for assembling a station and performing scientific studies, and also the scientific station Salyut, on which the Soviet cosmonauts lived for several days are described. The book also discusses the future prospects for cosmonautics.